《德育古鑑‧奢儉類》 范公

  奢儉類

范文正公嘗曰：「吾每夜就寢，必計一日奉養之費，及所為之事。若相稱，則熟寐；不然，終夜不能安枕，明日必求以稱之者。」勳名德業，卓越古今。

嗟乎！盡如公所云，吾人盞粥亦豈能消也耶？天下農工商賈之子，無不自食其力，而我輩泛泛一編，飽食終日，勞心勞力，兩無所居。外既不能有益於時，內斷不可有歉於己，端修清操，質之衾影而無慚，庶幾亦是一種消食方法。先輩格言云：「受享知慚愧。」能知慚愧者，差可受享矣，自不敢厚享矣！

又公在杭州，子弟知其有退志，乘間請治第洛陽，樹園圃，為逸老計。公曰：「人茍有道義之樂，形骸可外，況居室哉！吾今年踰六十，乃謀治第，顧何時而居乎？且西都士大夫園林相望，為主人者莫得常遊，而誰獨障吾遊者？豈有諸己而後為樂耶？」

人俱以有諸己為樂，應只樂有諸己耳，未必能實享其樂也。白樂天詩云：「多少朱門鎖空宅，主人到老未曾歸。」公言：「為主人者莫得常遊，誰障吾遊者。」正笑盡此輩；而公之園林，直無邊無界矣！本分儉嗇中，煞甚瀟洒快活也。趙普將營西第，遣人於秦隴市良材數萬。及第成，普時為西京留守，已病矣。詔詣闕，將行，乘小車一遊第中，不再來矣！陳升之治宅潤州，極宏壯。宅成，疾甚，惟肩輿一登西樓而已。極力經營，何用哉？

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陳情表

  l    陳情表 臣密言：“臣以險釁，夙遭閔兇。生孩六月，慈父見背；行年四歲，舅奪母志。祖母劉愍臣孤弱，躬親撫養。臣少多疾病。九歲不行。零丁孤苦，至於成立。既無伯叔，終鮮兄弟。 門衰祚薄，晚有兒息。外無 朞 功強近之親，內無應門五尺之童。煢煢獨立，形影相弔。而劉夙嬰疾病，常在床蓐；臣侍湯藥，未曾廢離。 　   逮奉聖朝，沐浴清化。前太守臣逵，察臣孝廉；後刺史臣榮，舉臣秀才。臣以供養無主， 辭不赴命。詔書特下，拜臣郎中。尋蒙國恩，除臣洗馬。猥以微賤，當待東宮，非臣隕首，所能上報。臣具以表聞，辭不就職。詔書切峻，責臣逋慢。郡縣逼迫，催臣上道。州司臨門， 急於星火。臣欲奉詔奔馳，則以劉病日篤；欲苟順私情，則告訴不許。臣之進退，實為狼狽。 　　   伏惟聖朝，以孝治天下。凡在故老，猶蒙矜育；況臣孤苦，特為尤甚。且臣少事偽朝，歷職郎署，本圖宦達，不矜名節。今臣亡國賤俘，至微至陋，過蒙拔擢，寵命優渥；豈敢盤桓，有所希冀？但以劉日薄西山，氣息奄奄，人命危淺，朝不慮夕。臣無祖母，無以至今日；祖母無臣，無以終餘年。母孫二人，更相為命。是以區區不能廢遠。臣密今年四十有四，祖母劉今年九十有六；是臣盡節於陛下之日長，報養劉之日短也。烏鳥私情，願乞終養。   臣之辛苦，非獨蜀之人士，及二州牧伯，所見明知；皇天后土，實所共鑑。願陛下矜愍愚誠，聽臣微志。庶劉僥倖，保卒餘年。臣生當隕首，死當結草。臣不勝犬馬怖懼之情，謹拜表以聞。    《華陽國志·卷十一·李密傳》：「大同後，征西將軍鄧艾聞其名，請為主簿，及書招欲與相見，皆不往。以祖母年老， 心在色養，拒州郡之命。 獨講學，立旌授生 。武帝立太子，徵為洗馬。詔書累下，郡縣相逼。密上疏，武帝覽之，曰：『密不空有名也。』嘉其誠款，賜奴婢二人，下郡縣供其祖母奉膳。」
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